24. Has there
been a triphylla with a blue corolla? |
To Dutch version
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| During surfing along
the internet after'antique botanical fuchsia prints' I find sometimes
remarkable plates. So I found recently the 'double print', of which the here omited upper
part (see Pict. 4) reproduces the detailed drawings of a Combretum. The
subsription by the plate is: 1782 Lamarck/De Seve - Fuchsia plate 282 in
Encyclopédie Méthodique.
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| With the fuchsia
print on the lowest part of the plate (see above Pict. 1) I suppose there is something
remarkable the matter. The flower details in the middle I had seen allready before on a
found plate. There are standing namely details of the in 1703 first found fuchsia by Plumier,
which is pictured in 'Nova
Plantarum Americanum Genera' . Linnaeus has renamed this plant lateron in his'Species Plantarum' (1753) Fuchsia triphylla flore coccinea
(Pict 2). A stem with flower of this species is standing to the left on this plate.The
most remarkable on the plate (Pict.1 and 3) is the blue corolla, while by fuchsialovers
there isn't known a triphylla with a blue crown. |
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| To the right there is
drawn an other fuchsia species and observing the long stamens, that must be of a F.
magellanica macrostemma. That was the species that was the as 'second found
fuchsia'. Following plate 47 in 'Journal des Observations Botaniques', Vol. III from 1725 the author of it is Père
R.P.L.Feuillé. In literature Lamarck is named as the author of F.magellanica
(1788). This is also the only fuchsia species, which is attributed to him as author. But
while plate Pict.3 dates of 1782, the species F.magellanica (1788) cann't been
used for drawing it after. So I think the real author of F.magellanica. is Feuillé. |
| Remarkable is also
that in literature on internet I could nowhere read that Lamarck in the period he
studied botanic, has made a study tour to America. |
|
Jean
Baptiste Antoine Pierre Monet de Lamarck (1744 - 1829) was an excellent
French physical. He takes up office in military service, but short after that he studied
medical and physical science. Ater that he has been busy a considerable time with
atmospherical science, he spent his time to botany. And bear in mind a new way to classify
the plants. However, his classifying met not approval, so he put it into practice in his
'Flore Francaise' (1780, 3 volumes; 2e edition 1793), This is
lateron rewrited by Decandolle. |
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| Afterthat he had
delivered the first two volumes for the botanical devision of 'Encyclopedie méthodique' from publisherPanckoucke, and he
had ordered the continueing of two other herbalist editions to Poiret en Mirbel
, he changed the 'botany' by the 'zoology'. |
| He became in 1792
professor in physical history in the Jardin des Plantes. Important books he
has realised about zoology, are'Histoire naturelle des animaux san vertebres'(1816-1822, 7 volumes). His philosophic
feelings about the nature he has fastened in the volume'Philosophie zoölogique' (1809, two volumes). The 'Encyclopedie Méthodique' is with 206 volumes and 125.350 pages one of the largest
French encyclopedies. Many of the botanical prints in it are made by famous artists as
H.J. Redoute, Jacques De Seve, L.Fossier and Nicolas Marechal. In literature there
is to read that sometimes hand-coloured plates are not worked out in 'original way'. It
concerned namely here an encyclopedie, and that means often 'drawing after' from prints
made before, mostly of other artists, |
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|
, |
Creating
mistakes handcolouring |
The
before named original plates, of which the fuchsias in Pict.1 are drawn after, were
pictures in 'black and white', see Pict.2 and 4.. That the triphylla qua tubus and sepalen
are coloured in by De Seve (his name is standing with little letters under the
plate) with red, is caused by the renaming by Linneus of the name of species Triphylla
in Fuchsia triphylla flore coccinea, by which the meaning of coccinea = red.
While there were in Europe in 1782 only fuchsia species imported with red
tubus/sepals and blue corolla (F.magellanica en F.coccinea), it is
very well possible, that the corolla of the triphylla on Plate 282 in Encyclopedie Méthodique therefore also is coloured in with blue.
With this to me plausible explanation, has understanding antique botanical plate become a
very remarkable mistake.
In the above mentioned
facts, we can also conclude that Lamarck wasn't the first, who found
F.magellanica . So it has been Feuillé with F.magellanica
macrostema. |
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3.F.tryphilla (Tryphilla flore coccinea)
- Auteur P.Carolo Plumier, in 'Nova Plantarum Americanum genera (1703) |
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4.Combretum
(above) and Fuchsias (under) on Plate 282 in
Encyclopédie Méthodique (1782-1832) |
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5.F.magellanica
macrostema - Auteur R.P.L.Feuillé, Plate 47 in Journal
des Observations Botaniques Vol. III (1725) |
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'Gelderse Fuchsia Info-site'-
 november
2008 |
